GE Course
GEOL 1 Our Dynamic Earth. The study of how the Earth works, its place in the universe, and the
relationship between people and the physical environment.
Prereq: None. 3 h. (lec) 3 u.
Undergraduate Courses
Geol 11 Principles of Geology. Earth materials, nature and consequences of geologic processes.
Prereq: None. 3 h. (lecture) 3 u.
Geol 11.1 Laboratory in Principles of Geology. Laboratory activities in Earth materials, nature and consequences of geologic processes.
Coreq: Geol 11. 3 h. (lab). 1 u.
Geol 12 Technical Drawing and Field Methods in Geology. Basic geometric drawing in geology and fundamental geologic field techniques; Topographic map analysis and interpretation.
Prereq: Geol 11, Geol 11.1. 6 h. (lab). 2 u.
Geol 41 Mineralogy. Introduction to crystallography and mineralogy.
Prereq: Geol 12/ES1, Math 21, Chem 16/equivalent, Chem 16.1/equivalent. 9 h. (3 lec, 6 lab). 5 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 51 Petrology and Petrography. Origin, evolution, and distribution of important igneous,
sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics,
physiochemical data, and natural occurrences.
Prereq: Geol 41. 9 h. (3 lec, 6 lab). 5 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 105 Introduction to Geochemistry. Chemistry in the study of geological problems.
Prereq: Geol 50, Chem 26 or equivalent, Chem 26.1 or equivalent. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Note: part of the 2012 BS Geology Curriculum; last offering 1st Semester AY 2020-2021
Geol 105 Geochemistry. Applications of theories and principles in chemistry in the study of
geological problems.
Prereq: Geol 51, Chem 26, Chem 26.1. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Note: part of the 2018 BS Geology Curriculum; first offering 2nd Semester AY 2020-2021
Geol 110 Introduction to Environmental Geology. Application of geology to environmental issues.
Prereq: Geol 105 (for Geol Majors); Geol 11, Chem 26/equivalent, Chem 26.1/ equivalent (for Non-
Geol Majors). 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 112 Structural Geology. Characterization of field structures; Introduction of concepts
necessary in understanding structural deformation and implications to tectonics.
Prereq: Geol 51, Physics 71, Physics 71.1. 6 h. (3 lec, 3 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 116 Introduction to Engineering Geology. Application of geologic principles in construction, hazard and risk management, development of Earth resources, and other environmental issues.
Prereq: Geol 112, Geol 122. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 117 Introduction to Hydrogeology. Introduction to assessment, development, and
management of groundwater resources.
Prereq: Geol 122, Math 21/equivalent. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 118 Geological and Hydrometeorological Hazards. Types of geological hazards and controls, parameters and tools for their assessment, with emphasis on the Philippine setting.
Prereq: Geol 112, Geol 120, Geol 122. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 120 Stratigraphy and Sedimentology. Study of the processes of formation of layered rocks and their distribution in time and space.
Prereq: Geol 51. 6 h. (3 lec, 3 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 122 Geomorphology. Surface geologic processes and landforms; Geomorphological
characterization and mapping, and application of geomorphology in geohazards assessment.
Prereq: Geol 12. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 131 Micropaleontology. Introduction to animal and plant microfossils. Emphasis on
Foraminifera.
Prereq: Geol 130. 6 h. (3 lec, 3 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 132 Paleontology. Fossils and fossilization; The fossil record and its significance in geologic
history.
Prereq: Geol 51. Co-req: BIO 11. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 133 Marine Geology. Surface/subsurface features of the ocean floor, and physical, chemical, and biological processes that influence their origin, composition, and evolution; Methods used in exploration and data acquisition for both basic and applied marine geology research.
Prereq: None. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Course Stipulation: Senior standing (must have completed at least 110 units of the courses included in the BS Geology Curriculum).
Geol 135 Earth History. Earth history and ancient life as recorded in rocks; Application of guiding principles and methods in geology to Earth history.
Prereq: Geol 120. 6 h. (3 lec, 3 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 141 Earth Materials Science. Introduction to Earth materials characterization techniques.
Prereq: Geol 105 (for Geol majors); Geol 51, Chem 26/equivalent, Chem 26.1/equivalent (for non-
Geol majors). 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 154 Volcanology. Study of eruption mechanisms and processes, and the role of volcanism to the dynamics and evolution of the Earth’s systems.
Prereq: Geol 105, Geol 122, Geol 112. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 170 Field Geology. Geologic mapping.
Prereq: Geol 118, Geol 135. 9 h. (fieldwork). 3 u.
Geol 171 Mineral Data Analysis. Statistical techniques in the analysis and interpretation of mineral and geological data.
Prereq: Math 101/COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 172 Introduction to Geostatistics. Principles, concepts and models in geostatistics.
Examination of the bases, implications, uses and limitations of prevailing geostatistical models.
Prereq: Geol 171, Geol 194/COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 173 Introduction to Earth Resource Economics. Principles of economics necessary for
understanding the behavior and characteristics of earth resource based industries.
Prereq: Econ 11. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 174 Introduction to Earth Resources Project Evaluation. Principles of earth resources project evaluation, including environmental impact assessment; application to exploration projects; case studies.
Prereq: Geol 173. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 175 Computer Applications in Geology. Use of computer applications in geology.
Prereq: None. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Course stipulation: Junior Standing (50% units of BS Geology completed).
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 177 Geology and Tectonics of the Philippines and Southeast Asia. Summary of Philippine and Southeast Asian geology and tectonics; Correlation of current observed features with regional geodynamic evolution.
Prereq: Geol 112, Geol 120. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 181 Elementary Geophysics. Fundamentals of physics of the Earth and their application.
Prereq: Math 55, Physics 73, Physics 73.1, Geol 190. Co-req: Geol 194. 6 h. (3 lec, 3 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Note: part of the 2012 BS Geology Curriculum; last offering 1st Semester AY 2020-2021
Geol 181 Geophysics. Introduction to geophysics and geophysical methods.
Prereq: Geol 193, Physics 72, Physics 72.1, Math 23. Co-req: None. 6 h. (3 lec, 3 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Note: part of the 2018 BS Geology Curriculum; first offering 2nd Semester AY 2021-2022
Geol 190 Petroleum Geology. The occurrence, origin, and accumulation of petroleum; exploration methods.
Prereq: Geol 112 and Geol 120. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 193 Mineral Resources. Nature, occurrence, and origin of metalliferous and non-metalliferous deposits; Assessment of resource materials.
Prereq: Geol 112, Chem 26/equivalent, Chem 26.1/equivalent. 9 h. (3 lec, 6 lab). 5 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 194 Metalliferous Ore Deposits. Nature, occurrence, and origin of metalliferous deposits.
Prereq: Chem 26, Chem 26.1/equivalent, Geol 112, 150/COI. 9 h. (3 lec, 6 lab). 5 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Note: part of the 2012 BS Geology Curriculum; last offering 1st Semester AY 2020-2021
Geol 195 Energy Resources. The geology, genesis, exploration and development of Earth's major
economic natural energy resources, with emphasis on the Philippines.
Prereq: Geol 112, Geol 120, Geol 122. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 196 Undergraduate Seminar. Discussion of important topics in geology from current literature.
Prereq: Senior Standing. Course stipulation: None. 2 h. (lec and seminar). 2 u.
Note: part of the 2012 BS Geology Curriculum; last offering 1st Semester AY 2020-2021
Geol 196 Undergraduate Seminar. Research and presentation on important topics in geology.
Prereq: None. 2 h. (lec and seminar). 2 u.
Course stipulation: Senior Standing (must have completed 110 units of the courses included in the BS Geology curriculum).
Note: part of the 2018 BS Geology Curriculum; first offering 2nd Semester AY 2021-2022
Geol 197 Special Topics in Geology: (Topic to be specified). To be specified depending on topic.
Prereq: None. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Course Stipulation: Junior Standing (must have completed at least 74 units in the BS Geology Curriculum). Geol 197 may be taken twice as long as the topics are different.
Geol 198 Laws and Policies in Geology. Overview of policies and laws related to the ethical practice of geology, with emphasis on the Philippines.
Prereq: Geol 193, Geol 195. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 199 Undergraduate Research. Conceptualization and conduct of geological research. Prereq: Geol 170. 9 h. (lab). 3 u.
Course Stipulation: Senior standing (must have completed at least 110 units of the courses included in the BS Geology Curriculum).
Geol 200 Undergraduate Thesis. Conduct of research and preparation of a geologic report at the undergraduate level.
Prereq: Geol 199. 9 h. (lab). 3 u.
Graduate Courses
Geol 203 Geochemical Exploration. Geochemical principles, techniques, interpretation, and
procedures in geochemical exploration for mineral deposits.
Prereq: Geol 105/COI. 2 h. (lec), 6 days field/sem. 3 u.
Geol 205 Geochemistry. Distribution of chemical elements and isotopes in geologic environments; acquisition and interpretation of geochemical data.
Prereq: Geol 105/COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 207 Mineral Equilibria. Phase equilibria in multicomponent systems.
Prereq: Geol 105/COI. 2 h. (lec). 2 u.
Geol 208 Geochemistry of Hydrocarbons. Geochemistry of coal petroleum and natural gas in
relation to other genesis.
Prereq: GS. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 212 Advanced Structural Geology. Tectonic elements and their patterns; theories of
orogenesis.
Prereq: Geol 112, Geol 120, Geol 150/COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 213 Photogeology and Remote Sensing. Concepts of remote sensing and geological
interpretation of remote sensing imagery.
Prereq: Geol 112, Geol 122. 4 h. (1 lec, 3 lab). 2 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 214 Geotectonics. Structural evolution of the crust, continents, island arcs and oceans using
East and Southeast Asia among the models.
Prereq: GS. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 215 Advanced Field Geology. Mapping in complex geologic terranes.
Prereq: Geol 170. 3 h. (lab), 2 wks. field/sem. 3 u.
Geol 216 Geology for Large Infrastructures. Principles and practice of geology in relation to the construction of large infrastructure projects.
Prereq: COI. 3 h. (2 lec, 1 lab/field). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 217 Hydrogeology. Principles and practice of groundwater exploration and development.
Prereq: COI. 3 h. (2 lec, 1 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 218 Urban Geology. Concepts and techniques of geology as applied to the planning,
development and construction of public and private structure in urban communities.
Prereq: COI. 3h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 230 Marine Geology. Geologic structure of ocean basins and continental margins; geologic
processes in marine regimes.
Prereq: None. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 232 Systematic Invertebrate Paleontology. Selected phyla of fossils.
Prereq: Geol 60/COI. 8 h. (2 lec, 6 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 237 Advanced Micropaleontology. Study of large and small foraminifera with emphasis on
Philippine materials.
Prereq: Geol 131. 8 h. (2 lec, 6 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 241 X-ray Crystallography and Spectrography. X-ray methods for the characterization of
crystal structure and determination of chemical composition.
Prereq: COI. 8 h. (2 lec, 6 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 243 Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics. Physical and chemical properties, structure types and stability of common rock-forming minerals.
Prereq: COI. 2 h. (lec). 2 u.
Geol 250 Igneous Petrology. Igneous rock associations and their origins, with emphasis on
Philippine rocks; microscopic study of igneous rocks including mineral examination with the use of universal stage.
Prereq: Geol 150/COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab), 6 days field/sem. 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 251 Metamorphic Petrology. Properties and origin of metamorphic rocks; techniques applied to the study of metamorphic rocks.
Prereq: Geol 150/COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab), 6 days field/sem. 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 252 Sedimentology. Processes and materials in sedimentary environments; application to
selected Philippine examples.
Prereq: Geol 120/COI. 2 h. (lec), 6 days field/sem. 3 u.
Geol 253 Sedimentary Petrology. Genesis and classification of common sediments and sedimentary rocks, analysis and interpretation of fabric and composition of sedimentary rocks. Prereq: Geol 150/COI. 8 h. (2 lec, 6 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 254 Volcanism. Causes of volcanic activity; geochemistry and experimental petrology relating to the generation of lavas.
Prereq: Geol 105/COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 255 Geothermal Resources. Geology, geochemistry and geophysics of geothermal resources; techniques of exploration, evaluation and development.
Prereq: Geol 105/COI, Geol 181. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 260 Stratigraphic Analysis. Application of stratigraphic principles to local and regional
problems. Techniques in stratigraphic analysis.
Prereq: Geol 120/COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab), 6 days field/sem. 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 261 Paleogeology. Regional studies of geologic history by use of isopach, paleogeologic, and facies maps.
Prereq: COI. 7 h. (1 lec, 6 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 270 Ore Microscopy. Advanced microscopic techniques in ore mineral identification,
interpretation of their textures and relationship with respect to the origin of a deposit; application
to mineral processing.
Prereq: Geol 194/COI. 8 h. (2 lec, 6 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 271 Mining Geology. Application of geology to the search for, and the exploration,
development and exploitation of mineral deposits.
Prereq: GE 14, COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 272 Advanced Petroleum Geology. Problems in the occurrence and accumulation of
petroleum.
Prereq: Geol 190. 2 h. (lec). 2 u.
Geol 273 Advanced Mineral Deposits. Ore deposit types and origin of mineral deposits with
emphasis on Philippine examples.
Prereq: Geol 194. 2 h. (lec), 6 days field/sem. 3 u.
Geol 274 Environmental Geology. The application of geologic principles and concepts in
environmental and resource assessment and management.
Prereq: Geol 174/COI. 6 h. (3 lec, 3 lab). 4 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 275 Mineral Resource Economics. Geologic and economic bases of mineral resources; basic issues in resource extraction; analytical models.
Prereq: Geol 173/COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 276.2 Metallic Mineral Resources. Analysis of major metallic mineral resources; behavior and implication to Philippine and world economies.
Prereq: Geol 275/COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab/field). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 276.3 Nonmetallic Mineral Resources. Analysis of major nonmetallic mineral resources;
behavior and implication to Philippine and world economies.
Prereq: Geol 275/COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab/field). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 276.4 Energy Resources. Analysis of the major energy resources; behavior and implications to Philippine and world economies.
Prereq: Geol 275/COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 277.1 Quantitative Methods in Mineral Economics I. Linear stochastic modeling; application to mineral problems.
Prereq: Geol 171, Geol 275/COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 277.2 Quantitative Methods in Mineral Economics II. Principles of linear programming, input-output and related models; applications to mineral industry problems.
Prereq: Geol 171, Geol 275/COI. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 278 Quantitative Methods Applied to Exploration. Statistical and computer programming approach to mineral exploration. Problems of optimum search and efficient sampling schemes, ore reserve calculations and valuation.
Prereq: Geol 172, Geol 181, Geol 194/COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 279 Energy and Mineral Policies. Concepts, principles and constraints relevant to the
formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of energy and mineral development
policies.
Prereq: COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 281 Geophysical Exploration I. Theory and application of gravity and magnetic methods of
exploration.
Prereq: Geol 181 (maybe taken concurrently), Math 121.1. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 282 Geophysical Exploration II. Theory and application of refraction and reflection seismic
methods of exploration.
Prereq: Geol 181 (maybe taken concurrently), Math 121.1. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 283 Geophysical Exploration III. Theory and application of electrical and electromagnetic
methods of exploration.
Prereq: Geol 181 and Math 121.1. 5 h. (2 lec, 3 lab). 3 u.
Parent-type meeting type. Lecture to issue grade.
Geol 284 Solid Earth Geophysics. Seismology; the structure and the composition of the earth’s
interior.
Prereq: Geol 194. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 285 Geophysical Prospecting. Use of geophysical instruments in mineral exploration. Prereq: Geol 181. 2 h. (lec), 6 days field/sem. 3 u.
Geol 289 Economics and Management of Mineral Exploration and Development. Models,
approaches and practices commonly used in the energy/mineral industries.
Prereq: COI. 3 h. (lec). 3u.
Geol 290 Fundamental Problems in Geology. Selected fundamental problems in geology, their
relationships to each other; integration of the different branches of geology and of other sciences
towards solution of these problems.
Prereq: COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 296 Seminar: (Subject Title).
Prereq: COI. 2 h. (seminar). 2 u.
May be taken twice, topic to be indicated for record purposes.
Geol 297 Special Topics in Geology: (Subject Title).
Prereq: COI. 3 h. (lec). 3 u.
May be taken three (3) times by MS Geology students and five (5) times by PhD Geology students provided that the topics are not the same.
Geol 298 Seminar in Mineral Economics.
2 h. (seminar). 2 u.
Geol 300 Master’s Thesis. 6 u.
Geol 331 Environmental Geology. Conservation and management of earth resources and
application of geologic data for urban, rural and regional development projects.
3 h. (lec). 3 u.
Geol 399 Research: (Subject Title).
Prereq: COI. 3 h. (lab). 3 u.
May be taken twice, topic to be indicated for record purposes.
Geol 400 PhD Dissertation. 12 u.